
Living with myocardial ischaemia and no obstructive coronary arteries: a...
Coronary artery disease is traditionally characterised by obstructive atherosclerosis. However, up to two in five people experience symptoms of myocardial ischaemia without obstructive coronary artery disease. This condition can be caused by a range of underlying pathologies including coronary endothelial dysfunction, microvascular remodelling, microvascular and epicardial spasm and vasomotor abnormalities.
A range of medical terms is used to describe distinct aspects of these conditions, including microvascular angina, coronary microvascular dysfunction, vasospastic angina, coronary vasospasms, coronary artery spasms, prinzmetal/variant angina and angina/ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA/INOCA). Women are disproportionately affected, particularly over the age of 40 years.









